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Waste to Energy
The process of creating energy in the form of electricity or heat from the incineration of waste source. WtE is a form of energy recovery. Most WtE processes produce electricity directly through combustion, or produce a combustible fuel commodity, such as methane, methanol, ethanol or synthetic fuels.
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Biomass
pertains to a renewable energy source which is either living or recently dead biological material. It can be used as both an alternative fuel and for industrial production. In terms of biofuels, biomass like dead trees, branches, yard clippings, and wood chips are processed to serve as feedstock for ethanol and biofuel production. As such, using these wastes or refuse as a source of biofuel help us avoid polluting the landfill disposals.
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Wind
Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as electricity, using wind turbines. At the end of 2008, worldwide nameplate capacity of wind-powered generators was 121.2 gigawatts (GW). In 2008, wind power produced about 1.5% of worldwide electricity usage; and is growing rapidly, having doubled in the three years between 2005 and 2008. Several countries have achieved relatively high levels of wind power penetration, such as 19% of stationary electricity production in Denmark, 11% in Spain and Portugal, and 7% in Germany and the Republic of Ireland in 2008. As of May 2009, eighty countries around the world are using wind power on a commercial basis.
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Hydro
Hydro energy is simply energy that is taken from water and converted to electricity. Hydro energy can be obtained by using many methods of capture. The most common method of using energy from water is a hydroelectric dam, where water coming down through an area causes turbines to rotate and the energy is captured to run a generator. Power can also be generated from the energy of tidal forces or wave power, which uses the energy created by waves.
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Solar Energy
Solar energy, radiant light and heat from the Sun, has been harnessed by humans since ancient times using a range of ever-evolving technologies. Solar radiation, along with secondary solar-powered resources such as wind and wave power, hydroelectricity and biomass, account for most of the available renewable energy on Earth. Only a minuscule fraction of the available solar energy is used.
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Biofuel
Liquid fuel derived from plant materials. Biofuel is entering the market, driven by factors such as oil price spikes and the need for increased energy security.
Universal Robina Corp. of the Gokongwei group is building a bioethanol plant at its sugar milling complex in Negros Oriental, and will soon open a new factory in Burma.
During their annual meeting late Wednesday, URC shareholders approved an amendment to the company’s charter, allowing the food and commodity conglomerate to engage in ethanol production as a secondary purpose.
Lance Gokongwei, URC president, told reporters after the meeting that the company had started construction of a $27-million bioethanol plant in Manjuyod, Negros Oriental, the site of its sugar mill Universal Robina Sugar Milling Corp. (Ursumco). The bioethanol facility can produce 100,000 liters of fuel a day.
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The World Bank, in cooperation with the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, sponsored a conference on "Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Livestock and Agro-Industrial Waste" last October 15-16, 2009.
Penwood was fortunate enough to be invited as an exhibitor at the conference. Mia Jarumayan, Penwood's Director for Commercial Management, also spoke at the event on her views on project development for bioethanol projects and its CDM potential.
Last October 23, 2009, the Philippine Department of Energy ("DOE") awarded Cavite Biofuel Producers, Inc. ("CBPI") with a Certificate of Registration with Notice to Proceed with Construction. CBPI expects construction of its facility to start in the first quarter of 2010 and be operational by the end of 2011. By the time CBPI operates, the Philippine mandate for ethanol blended gasoline will be 10%.
"This is a significant milestone for CBPI as we are the first bioethanol company to be issued this Certificate. It also shows that we are the most advanced bioethanol project in terms of permits", said Reden Rodriguez, CBPI's Project Manager.
Several banks, led by the Development Bank of the Philippines, visited CBPI's proposed plant site in Magallanes, Cavite last October 27, 2009. The banks were welcomed by Magallanes Mayor, Edwin Sisante and the Chairman of the Cavite Sugarcane Planters Multi-Purpose Cooperative, Filomena Maligaya. Both the Mayor and the Chairman assured the banks that they fully support CBPI's efforts.
Mayor Sisante declared that "this is a welcome development for Magallanes because it will not only bring economic development to the town of Magallanes and the province of Cavite , but to the country as well."
The banks also visited the different cane plantations in the towns of Magallanes and Maragondon where CBPI will be sourcing their cane for the production of ethanol.